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Book Review: War Child by Emmanuel Jal

Reviewed by Sally Cervenak

War ChildWar child is a story of a child who went to war, not a child born with the war within him. Emmanuel Jal was seven years old when he leapt at the opportunity to go to school in Ethiopia; after losing his mother, being sent to war by his father, surviving a boat capsize in the River Nile and march across the Sahara desert, Emmanuel finally begins the education he has watched his comrades die seeking. He could have written a terrifyingly dramatic book based on these events alone, but instead Emmanuel Jal chose to tell us his whole story, of which this was only the beginning.

If you’ve read Lance Armstrong’s autobiography, you’ll know just how one individual’s battle for survival can convince you that the mind is capable of overcoming absolutely anything. Emmanuel Jal spends his childhood and adolescent years growing up in the refugee camps of Ethiopia,  a military prison, the bush, the desert and the slums of Nairobi believing that if he just keeps on trooping and ‘taking every opportunity that came may way’  he will eventually be in the position to take revenge on Jallabas, his ‘Arab enemy’.  He is a bright kid, learning that by making his seniors laugh he can gain favours and that by obeying commands he can forget his past, his home, his family and fight for a future.

The irony of this attitude is that it is not until he meets Emma McClune, a British aid worker who plays life by morals, not rules, that he learns the only way to achieve anything for his home country is to re-learn how to love and to forgive and to lay down his gun forever.  From dreams of flying a Nyanking, the aeroplane whose name meant ‘daughter of the king’, on behalf of Sudan in the war between North and South, he begins to dream of a peaceful land, in which families, torn apart by the war, meet once more, and in which every child is blessed by his ‘guardian angel’ Emma McClune with the chance to go to school.

What is so amazing about this book is that we do not need to finish it to know that his dream came true; that is to say, his dream was real and what he envisioned is today part of the reality. This is not just an autobiography; it is a socio-political account of the situation in South Sudan over the past thirty-two years; an illustration of the psychology of the human mind; a story of rags to riches; and testimony to the saying that ‘if you can believe it, the mind can achieve it’.

It would go against the faith in which this book was written to recommend it for anybody in particular, because this it is a book about life in all its completeness and anybody who reads it with an open heart will learn to love Jal, to love everyone and everything that he meets and to believe in the magic of life.

Video Report: Israel Begins Deportation of South Sudanese Refugees

by Lia Tarachansky at The Real News Network

Part 2 : This month the Israeli government began a new program insentivizing South Sudanese refugees to return back to South Sudan or face deportation at the end of March. This decision came at the heels of a diplomatic visit by the newly-formed government of South Sudan, made of the rebel groups whose fight for freedom Israel has long supported by being one of the only nations to sell them weapons. Refusing to investigate individual asylum seekers’ claims for refugee status, Israel claims it does not owe them the protections enshrined in the 1951 Convention on the Rights of Refugees. The Real News’ Lia Tarachansky speaks with homeless refugees in the park where most live once they’re released from detention, to Ran Cohen, the Director of Physicians for Human Rights, and Nic Schlagman, the Humanitarian Coordinator of the African Refugee Development Center.


Here is Part 1 of the story: Israel to become biggest jailer of refugees: On January 11th the Israeli parliament passed an amendment to the so- called “Infiltrators Law”. This revision allows the authorities to automatically imprison asylum seekers for three years. The plan includes constructing a 10,000 person jail to house the refugees. According to Amnesty International, this puts Israel at the top of the Western World for length of imprisonment of refugees. Today Israel is home to nearly 50,000 asylum seekers from Africa, 85% of whom are from Eritrea and Sudan. The Real News’ Lia Tarachansky spoke to Nic Schlagman and Johannes Bayu of the African Refugee Development Center, Ran Cohen of Physicians for Human Rights, and “Ibrahim”, an Eritrean asylum seeker in Israel for ten years.

Lia Tarachansky is a Middle East correspondent for The Real News Network. She’s been based with TRNN in Toronto, Washington D.C., and Israel/Palestine. Lia works on two series, ‘Israel and International Law’ and ‘Who benefits from the Israeli occupation?’. She is currently filming her first documentary, Seven Deadly Myths (Israel/Palestine/Canada)

Curing Journalism of Corruption is Needed in Post-split Sudan

by Hassan Farouk, courtesy SudanVotes

Sudanese newspapers need an overhaul to restore credibility by putting a stop to unethical practices.

In the offices of a local newspaper, a reporter was recently overheard speaking into his cell phone loudly enough for everyone in his midst to hear: “I’m not doing the story unless I know how much they’re offering,” he said. Raising his voice, he added, “No sir, I won’t repeat my last mistake; it was too little money, so if they want us to cover this tour they should tell us from the start how much they’ll pay or I won’t go.”

This type of coverage-for-hire is just one illustration of a glaring lack of ethics in Sudanese journalism. The payment for news reports, interviews and opinion columns in local newspapers is no secret. Corruption has become entrenched in everyday reporting to such an extent that it’s now the subject of public debate.

Even if government restrictions on press freedom are lifted, journalism in Sudan could use a makeover. © Hassan Farouk

According to a prominent newspaperman who wished to remain anonymous, a large number of publishers and chief editors are behind these unethical practices.

Special interest representatives sometimes target individual journalists directly, away from the management. In the absence of a clear editorial policy on this subject, consent is usually granted to reporters to accept such invitations, even when it’s apparent the resulting articles may well resemble public relations handouts more than factual news articles.

“Newspaper managers basically rent out their reporters to anyone who comes to them, be it a political party, a governmental agency, an institution or a company.”   - Anonymous journalist

Chief editors usually sanction such junkets, the source explained, because the newspaper pays nothing to send a journalist into the field. “The result is a rush of reporters into the arms of these parties that cover all their expenses,” he said.

Two documented examples illustrate the Continue reading →

The Uncertain Future of Media Independence in Khartoum post-CPA

by Osman Shinger, courtesy SudanVotes

Journalists and rights activists have expressed concern about diminishing press freedom in Sudan.

Reporters attribute their pessimism to what they call a “coup” against public liberties. Chief among their concerns is the press freedom that was stipulated in the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), whose duration concluded with South Sudan’s independence that took effect on 9 July.

In the starkest example, the National Council for Press and Publications closed down six newspapers (five published in English, one in Arabic), citing a law that prohibits shareholders of foreign origin. Some of the newspapers have affiliations with South Sudanese, whom Khartoum now classifies as foreign citizens.

The suspended publications include the Khartoum MonitorThe Juba Post, the Sudan TribuneThe AdvocateThe Democrat and Ajras al-Hurriya. A seventh newspaper, al-Ahdath, was seized by security personnel on the weekend without explanation.

The closures have been heavily criticised by members of the media in Khartoum.

Faisal Mohammed Saleh, Teeba Press. Photo: Deutsche Welle / K. Danetzki. (courtesy SudanVotes)

Faisal Mohammed Saleh, a writer and journalist, warns against “further repression and suppression of press freedom,” referring to “an attempted coup” to quash liberties that prevailed during the transitional period of the last six years.

A number of indicators reflect a decline in press freedom at the hands of the ruling National Congress Party (NCP), he said. Foremost among them is a planned amendment to the press law of 2009.

“We hoped the law would include more reforms rather than backing away from them,” he said.

Saleh refers to Continue reading →

Six South Sudan Newspapers Shut Down in Sudan due to “Foreign” Ownership

by Zeinab Saleh, courtesy SudanVotes

The closure of six Sudanese newspapers represents another blow to press freedom, according to media watchdog organisations.

On 27 July, the Sudanese National Council for Press and Publications revoked the license of the daily newspaper Ajras Al-Hurriya.

Only days after South Sudan’s independence, Khartoum authorities froze publications of the Khartoum Monitor, the Juba PostSudan TribuneThe Advocate and The Democrat. The reason given was that publishers are required to be Sudanese citizens, and South Sudanese are now considered “foreigners” according to law.

Ajras al-Hurriya (“Bells of Freedom”) had already suspended its daily publication just before South Sudan’s secession because one of the shareholders of the company is a southerner.

The Cairo-based Arabic Network for Human Rights Information said the decision to halt publication of the Sudanese newspapers “has to be reviewed by (Khartoum) authorities.”

Interpretations of the closure range from mere respect of legal regulations to blatant censorship.

According to Al-Obeid Meruh, secretary-general of the Press Council, it has nothing to do with a decision to restrict press freedom. “The 2009 press act does not allow foreigners to be a part of the ownership of newspapers,” he told Agence France-Presse (AFP).

But to a journalist who wished to remain anonymous, that’s too simple an explanation. “It seems the council was not aware of this clause in the press act; now they’ve discovered it after twenty days of suspension,” she said.

Authorities revoked the operating license of the daily Ajras al-Hurriya and five other dailies because they are partially owned by South Sudanese citizens. © Zeinab Mohammed Saleh (courtesy SudanVotes))

“The decision of the council is wrong,” said Nabeel Adeeb, a lawyer. “The council has no right to revoke the license of a newspaper.”

Only when the newspaper has committed any violations does the court have the right to close down a publication, he explained. “The (Press) council is not independent because it had orders.”

Al-Hurriya has been suspended more than 12 times since its first publication.

Photo by: Hassan Farouk

“The letter to withdraw the license came only after (the council) imposed impossible conditions for re-certification, which confirms the bad faith by the board and the government,” Adeeb said.

All of the dailies shut down have links to South Sudan. Hussein Saad, Ajras Al-Hurriya’s managing director, said the closure of his paper is a purely political move; others call it “racist.”

“It is because the paper is close to the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) and the (Sudanese) opposition,” he told AFP.